How do I configure a Python script to run as a service (re-launch on system restart, restart on failure) in Amazon AWS EC2 instance?

You can create a systemd service on the ec2 instance to achieve this. Steps are:

1. Create a service definition file:
   
   Default

   sudo vi /lib/systemd/system/mypythonservice.service

   1 2	sudo vi /lib/systemd/system/mypythonservice.service

2. Add the systemd unit file definition. You can check this or the systemd reference guide for more details:
   
   Default

   [Unit] Description=My Python Service After=multi-user.target [Service] Type=idle ExecStart=/usr/bin/python /home/myuser/mypythonproject.py Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target

   1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

   [Unit] Description=My Python Service After=multi-user.target   [Service] Type=idle ExecStart=/usr/bin/python /home/myuser/mypythonproject.py Restart=on-failure   [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target

3. Set the necessary permissions on the file:
   
   Default

   sudo chmod 644 /lib/systemd/system/mypythonservice.service

   1 2	sudo chmod 644 /lib/systemd/system/mypythonservice.service

4. Reload the systemd daemon:
   
   Default

   sudo systemctl daemon-reload

   1 2	sudo systemctl daemon-reload

5. Enable the service to start on reboot:
   
   Default

   sudo systemctl enable mypythonservice.service

   1 2	sudo systemctl enable mypythonservice.service

And of course you can add all of this as part of a EC2 Instance User Data script to automatically configure on instance launch.