How To Create A Multi Container Application Using Docker Compose

Hello Everyone

Welcome to CloudAffaire and this is Debjeet.

In the last blog post, we have discussed Dockerfile.

https://cloudaffaire.com/how-to-create-a-docker-image-using-dockerfile/

In this blog post, we will discuss how to create a multi-container application using docker compose. We will also create a multi-container application using docker-compose.

Prerequisite for this demo:

One AWS EC2 instance with Linux 2 AMI and internet access.
Docker

What is Docker Compose?

Compose is a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications. With Compose, you use a YAML file to configure your application’s services. Then, with a single command, you create and start all the services from your configuration. Docker-compose operates in below three steps

Define your app’s environment with a Dockerfile so it can be reproduced anywhere.
Define the services that make up your app in docker-compose.yml so they can be run together in an isolated environment.
Run docker-compose up and Compose starts and runs your entire app.

To get more details on Docker Compose, please refer below documentation

https://docs.docker.com/compose/overview/

Next, we are going to create a multi-container application using docker-compose. The application will use the apache web server and phpMyAdmin as frontend and MySQL database as backend running in three different containers and managed by Docker Compose.

How To Create A Multi Container Application Using Docker Compose Demo:

##-----------------------
## Docker: Docker Compose
##-----------------------
##  docker-compose [COMMAND]

###################################
##  Docker compose installation  ##
###################################
##  Run this command to download the current stable release of Docker Compose:
##  please refer https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/ for additional details
sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.23.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

##  Apply executable permissions to the binary:
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

##  Test the installation.
docker-compose --version

###########################
##  Directory structure  ##
###########################

# myPROJECT/
# ├── apache
# │   └── index.php
# ├── docker-compose.yml
# ├── Dockerfile
# └── mysql
#     └── data.sql

##  Create directories
mkdir myPROJECT && cd myPROJECT
mkdir mysql apache

########################################
##  Create a docker-compose.yml file  ##
########################################
vi docker-compose.yml
----------------
version: '3'
services:
web:
build: .
image: cloudaffaire/myapache:latest
container_name: apache_container
links:
- "db:db"
ports:
- "8002:80"
volumes:
- ./apache:/var/www/html/
networks:
- default
db:
image: mysql:5.7.13
command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
container_name: mysql_container
environment:
- MYSQL_DATABASE=mysqldb
- MYSQL_USER=admin
- MYSQL_PASSWORD=admin
- MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=admin
ports:
- "8000:3306"
volumes:
- ./mysql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
phpmyadmin:
image: phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin
container_name: phpmyadmin_container
environment:
PMA_ARBITRARY: 1
MYSQL_USER: admin
MYSQL_PASSWORD: admin
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: admin
ports:
- "8001:80"
links:
- "db:db"
---------------
:wq

###########################
##  Create a Dockerfile  ##
###########################
vi Dockerfile
---------------
FROM php:7.0.30-apache
RUN docker-php-ext-install mysqli
---------------
:wq

##########################################
##  Create other files used by the app  ##
##########################################
##  Create index.php file under apache directory
vi apache/index.php
---------------
<html>
<head>
<title>Docker</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<?php echo "<h1>Hello!!.. Welcome to docker compose demo</h1>"; ?>
<?php
$conn = mysqli_connect('db', 'admin', 'admin', "mysqldb");
$query = 'SELECT * From myproduct';
$result = mysqli_query($conn, $query);
echo '<table class="table table-striped">';
echo '<thead><tr><th></th><th>ID</th><th>Name</th><th>Price</th></tr></thead>';
while($value = $result->fetch_array(MYSQLI_ASSOC)){
echo '<tr>';
echo '<td><a href="#"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search"></span></a></td>';
foreach($value as $element){
echo '<td>' . $element . '</td>';
}
echo '</tr>';
}
echo '</table>';
$result->close();
mysqli_close($conn);
?>
</div>
</body>
</html>
--------------
:wq

##  Create data.sql file under mysql directory
vi mysql/data.sql
--------------
SET SQL_MODE = "NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO";
SET time_zone = "+00:00";
USE mysqldb;
CREATE TABLE `myproduct` (
`id` int(10) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`price` int(10) NOT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
INSERT INTO `myproduct` (`id`, `name`, `price`) VALUES
(1, 'apple', 120),
(2, 'banana', 80),
(3, 'mango', 180),
(4, 'grape', 150);
--------------
:wq

#################################
##  Docker Compose Management  ##
#################################
##  Validate and view the Compose file.
docker-compose config -q
docker-compose config --services

##  Build the service
docker-compose build

##  Start the service
docker-compose up -d

##  Test the application
##  Replace your ec2 public DNS or localhost if you are using your own system
ec2-13-234-163-168.ap-south-1.compute.amazonaws.com:8002 #test web, db
ec2-13-234-163-168.ap-south-1.compute.amazonaws.com:8001 #test phpmyadmin

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##-----------------------

## Docker: Docker Compose

##-----------------------

## docker-compose [COMMAND]

###################################

## Docker compose installation ##

###################################

## Run this command to download the current stable release of Docker Compose:

## please refer https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/ for additional details

sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.23.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

## Apply executable permissions to the binary:

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

## Test the installation.

docker-compose --version

###########################

## Directory structure ##

###########################

# myPROJECT/

# ├── apache

# │ └── index.php

# ├── docker-compose.yml

# ├── Dockerfile

# └── mysql

# └── data.sql

## Create directories

mkdir myPROJECT && cd myPROJECT

mkdir mysql apache

########################################

## Create a docker-compose.yml file ##

########################################

vi docker-compose.yml

----------------

version: '3'

services:

web:

build: .

image: cloudaffaire/myapache:latest

container_name: apache_container

links:

- "db:db"

ports:

- "8002:80"

volumes:

- ./apache:/var/www/html/

networks:

- default

db:

image: mysql:5.7.13

command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password

container_name: mysql_container

environment:

- MYSQL_DATABASE=mysqldb

- MYSQL_USER=admin

- MYSQL_PASSWORD=admin

- MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=admin

ports:

- "8000:3306"

volumes:

- ./mysql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d

phpmyadmin:

image: phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin

container_name: phpmyadmin_container

environment:

PMA_ARBITRARY: 1

MYSQL_USER: admin

MYSQL_PASSWORD: admin

MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: admin

ports:

- "8001:80"

links:

- "db:db"

---------------

:wq

###########################

## Create a Dockerfile ##

###########################

vi Dockerfile

---------------

FROM php:7.0.30-apache

RUN docker-php-ext-install mysqli

---------------

:wq

##########################################

## Create other files used by the app ##

##########################################

## Create index.php file under apache directory

vi apache/index.php

---------------

Docker

Hello!!.. Welcome to docker compose demo"; ?>

$conn = mysqli_connect('db', 'admin', 'admin', "mysqldb");

$query = 'SELECT * From myproduct';

$result = mysqli_query($conn, $query);

echo '';

echo '

while($value = $result->fetch_array(MYSQLI_ASSOC)){

echo '

foreach($value as $element){

echo '

}

echo '

}

echo '

	ID	Name	Price
	' . $element . '

$result->close();

mysqli_close($conn);

--------------

:wq

## Create data.sql file under mysql directory

vi mysql/data.sql

--------------

SET SQL_MODE = "NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO";

SET time_zone = "+00:00";

USE mysqldb;

CREATE TABLE `myproduct` (

`id` int(10) NOT NULL,

`name` varchar(20) NOT NULL,

`price` int(10) NOT NULL

) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

INSERT INTO `myproduct` (`id`, `name`, `price`) VALUES

(1, 'apple', 120),

(2, 'banana', 80),

(3, 'mango', 180),

(4, 'grape', 150);

--------------

:wq

#################################

## Docker Compose Management ##

#################################

## Validate and view the Compose file.

docker-compose config -q

docker-compose config --services

## Build the service

docker-compose build

## Start the service

docker-compose up -d

## Test the application

## Replace your ec2 public DNS or localhost if you are using your own system

ec2-13-234-163-168.ap-south-1.compute.amazonaws.com:8002 #test web, db

ec2-13-234-163-168.ap-south-1.compute.amazonaws.com:8001 #test phpmyadmin

Dcoker Compose

Docker Compose

##  List images used by the created containers
docker-compose images

##  Print the public port for a port binding.
docker-compose port web 80
docker-compose port db 3306
docker-compose port phpmyadmin 80

##  List service containers
docker-compose ps

##  Receive real time events from containers
docker-compose events

##  Display the running processes
docker-compose top web

##  View output from containers
docker-compose logs web

##  Pause services
docker-compose pause web

##  Unpause services
docker-compose unpause web

##  Execute a command in a running container
docker-compose exec web bash
exit

##  Run a one-off command
docker-compose exec db bash

##  Stop services
docker-compose stop web

##  Start services
docker-compose start web

##  Restart services
docker-compose restart web

##  Remove the service
docker-compose down

##  Generate a Docker bundle from the Compose file
docker-compose bundle --push-images

##  Push services (make sure you are logged into docker hub)
docker-compose up -d
docker-compose push web

##  Pull service images
docker-compose pull web

##  Kill containers
docker-compose kill web
docker-compose kill db
docker-compose kill phpmyadmin

##  Remove stopped containers
docker-compose rm web
docker-compose rm db
docker-compose rm phpmyadmin

## List images used by the created containers

docker-compose images

## Print the public port for a port binding.

docker-compose port web 80

docker-compose port db 3306

docker-compose port phpmyadmin 80

## List service containers

docker-compose ps

## Receive real time events from containers

docker-compose events

## Display the running processes

docker-compose top web

## View output from containers

docker-compose logs web

## Pause services

docker-compose pause web

## Unpause services

docker-compose unpause web

## Execute a command in a running container

docker-compose exec web bash

exit

## Run a one-off command

docker-compose exec db bash

## Stop services

docker-compose stop web

## Start services

docker-compose start web

## Restart services

docker-compose restart web

## Remove the service

docker-compose down

## Generate a Docker bundle from the Compose file

docker-compose bundle --push-images

## Push services (make sure you are logged into docker hub)

docker-compose up -d

docker-compose push web

## Pull service images

docker-compose pull web

## Kill containers

docker-compose kill web

docker-compose kill db

docker-compose kill phpmyadmin

## Remove stopped containers

docker-compose rm web

docker-compose rm db

docker-compose rm phpmyadmin

Hope you have enjoyed this article. In the next blog post, we will discuss docker swarm.

To get more details on docker, please refer below docker documentation

https://docs.docker.com/